The first use in siege warfare was at the 1453 siege of Constantinople by Mehmed the Conqueror. In the Ming dynasty, general Qi Jiguang recorded the use of a mini cannon called the Hu dun pao that was similar to the mortar. ![]() The earliest version of the wan'gu dates back to 1407. ![]() The earliest mortars were used in Korea in a 1413 naval battle when Korean gunsmiths developed the wan'gu (gourd-shaped mortar) (완구, 碗口). Mortars have been used for hundreds of years. Mortars are typically used as indirect fire weapons for close fire support with a variety of ammunition. They launch explosive shells (technically called bombs) in high-arcing ballistic trajectories. ![]() A mortar is usually a simple, lightweight, man-portable, muzzle-loaded weapon, consisting of a smooth-bore (although some models use a rifled barrel) metal tube fixed to a base plate (to spread out the recoil) with a lightweight bipod mount and a sight.
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